Scholastic achievement among children enrolled in the Seychelles Child Development Study

The Seychelles Child Development Study is a longitudinal cohort study following a group of 779 children exposed prenatally to methyl mercury (MeHg) through a maternal diet high in fish. The cohort has been examined six times beginning in infancy with no consistent evidence of adverse effects. In fact, their performance resembles what would be expected from normal children of comparable ages growing up in western cultures. During a neurodevelopment assessment at 66 months, the children were tested for scholastic achievement using the Woodcock Johnson Tests of Achievement. Their reading scores were depressed relative to US norms while arithmetic scores were within normal limits. This disparity was not evident at 107 months; in fact, reading achievement scores far exceeded expected performance relative to US norms, with over 75% of the cohort obtaining scores at or above the 90th percentile. This study reports a secondary analysis of the scholastic achievement data to test the hypothesis that the results obtained in the primary analysis were probably due to the onset of the primary school curriculum between the first and second testing, and not to inherent cognitive deficits among the children at 66 months. The results suggest that a combination of reading instruction and characteristically consistent letter-sound relationships in Creole, the language spoken at home by the majority of Seychellois families, probably accounted for the high achievement scores at 107 months.     

医学期刊编辑胜任特征研究及其提升途径

【目的】 了解我国医学期刊编辑能力素质现状,并探讨其提升途径。【方法】 以胜任特征研究为基础,探讨我国医学期刊编辑的关键胜任特征,并从素质、技能、知识3个维度了解我国医学期刊编辑能力素质现状,分析我国医学期刊编辑所需及待提高的能力素质。【结果】 通过我国医学期刊编辑胜任特征重要程度及符合情况调查,成功建立我国医学期刊编辑胜任特征模型。我国医学期刊编辑总体能力素质情况良好,但需在判断能力、系统思考能力以及医学知识3个方面加以提升。【结论】 我国医学期刊编辑能力素质的提升是一个系统工程,它既要医学期刊编辑自身努力、主动学习、勇于实践,也离不开各级有关部门的组织、规划、重视与领导。医学期刊单位可将胜任特征模型应用于编辑招聘、人才发展、职业规划与绩效管理中,使理论模型转化成可为实际工作所用的工具。广大医学期刊编辑应努力成为高素质复合型人才,与时俱进,才能出色完成编辑工作,将医学期刊办好、办精。     

图书馆电子阅览室云桌面的建设及应用

概述了云桌面的相关概念及特点，介绍了中日友好医院图书馆云桌面建设的各个阶段及其目前在图书馆的应用情况和存在的不足，并提出了解决方案，以期为其他图书馆电子阅览室云桌面的建设提供借鉴和参考。     

籍名家影响推广期刊阅读的实践

介绍复旦大学医科图书馆“医学名家荐刊”系列活动,从荐刊内容与形式、初步成效等方面进行阐述,从此活动中得到启示,包括建设有特色的馆藏、加强文献传递服务、多渠道争取专家的支持等方面。     

从弑父向寻父的转变：晚生代创作转型研究

新世纪以来，随着一批以写农村题材为主的文学作品的问世，毕飞宇、李洱、林白等为中坚的晚生代作家的创作出现了转型迹象，开始有意无意从欲望都市中撤退，在乡村和历史中进行书写，显示了对写作深度和写作意义的自觉思考和追问，呈现了某种历史主义的悲悯情怀。与这种空间的转换相对应的，还有叙事立场从原先的边缘向中心的靠拢，叙事方式上从现时态的写作向过去式的写作，话语方式从原先的反讽式写作向悖论式写作转向，这些文本中呈现出了一种人到中年的精神气质，与现实和解，向历史握手。这种写作固然源于作家写作的探索，更源于现实的召唤，还来自于人到中年的生命体验。     

Teaching artificial intelligence to read electropherograms

Electropherograms are produced in great numbers in forensic DNA laboratories as part of everyday criminal casework. Before the results of these electropherograms can be used they must be scrutinised by analysts to determine what the identified data tells us about the underlying DNA sequences and what is purely an artefact of the DNA profiling process. A technique that lends itself well to such a task of classification in the face of vast amounts of data is the use of artificial neural networks. These networks, inspired by the workings of the human brain, have been increasingly successful in analysing large datasets, performing medical diagnoses, identifying handwriting, playing games, or recognising images. In this work we demonstrate the use of an artificial neural network which we train to ‘read’ electropherograms and show that it can generalise to unseen profiles.